Heat oil in medium saucepan over medium heat. Stir in barley. Add wine and cook, stirring, until liquid has evaporated.
Add 1/2 cup stock and cook until liquid is absorbed, stirring occasionally. Continue adding stock 1/2 cup at a time, waiting until liquid is absorbed before adding more, until barley is tender but still slightly firm, 35-40 minutes.
About 3 minutes before barley is done, stir in shrimp and peas. Cook until shrimp are just pink. Remove from heat and stir in lemon zest, lemon juice, and cheese. Taste and season as need with salt and pepper and serve.